Quick update: I dug out an old file which was just the crystalline beam stored in the BNL booster with no acceleration.   Its heating behaviour is the green line, which doesn't take off as fast as the accelerated ones.   It will still eventually melt without a cooling system in place, but it looks (from the slope) that the accelerated beams could last longer if I fix the angular momentum spin-up issue that adding the RF is causing.    #physics #accelerators<p><a href='posts/202607/post-20260730-171028-a.png'><img src='posts/202607/post-20260730-171028-a.png' loading='lazy' /></a></p>